Adaptive governance is a research area that focuses on how societies can effectively adapt and respond to complex and changing environmental and social challenges. It involves designing flexible and responsive governance frameworks that can address uncertainty, rapid changes, and feedback mechanisms in decision-making processes. Adaptive governance emphasizes collaboration, learning, and experimentation in order to promote resilience and sustainability in the face of dynamic and uncertain conditions. This research area draws on concepts from fields such as political science, ecology, sociology, and public policy to develop innovative approaches to governance that can better address the challenges of the 21st century.